For Dolly

By Jack Rafferty

Dolly Parton was beyond description, in a lot of ways. I don’t say that to mythologize her or anything like that, but she did always seem a bit larger than life as a cultural figure. I admired the fact that such a thing never seemed to get to her head. She remained respectful, magnanimous, and kind to the great many people she encountered in her life. She was an incredible musician, with a voice like a meadowlark, and a staggeringly prolific output throughout her career. 

Dolly grew up in poverty, living with a large family in a very small cabin in the Smoky Mountains of East Tennessee. Through her process of becoming the persona she would eventually be known for, she would have to simultaneously forsake the strict religious moralism of her upbringing and also the prejudicial treatment of that background by many in mainstream culture in the United States and people in urban areas of the country. Despite all this, she held firm in her belief in herself and demonstrated admirable extents of strength and determination in forging her path undaunted. 

I often felt sad that she went through so much surgical cosmetic work in her life to maintain a certain standard of beauty that is imposed on so many in this society, particularly women. It is a complicated aspect of her life that I grapple with, but I also respect the level of dignity she always exuded, especially when that was consistently challenged throughout her career on a public level, primarily in media interviews. One of my favorite examples is the Barbara Walters interview, where Barbara asked Dolly “Where I come from, would I have called you a hillbilly?” and Dolly replied “I would have probably kicked your shins…we were very proud people, people with a lot of class. It was country class, but it was a great deal of class.” This is just one of many situations where media outlets and interviewers, in typical tabloid fashion, attempted to pry into her personal life, to judge her decisions on marriage, having children, the way she dressed, the way she talked, etc. In my opinion, Dolly took all this in stride, and she was far more compassionate in her responses than these presumptuous inquiries deserved, but she also never took shit from anyone, and she always stood her ground. 

Everything about Dolly, from the way she chose to dress, to how she viewed herself and her worth within the context of a deeply patriarchal system, was an act of rebellion to the regular form of imprisonment that women were condemned to as housewives under capitalism in the United States. She was a consistent advocate for rural people, the working class, and the downtrodden. Whenever the media sought to reduce her or where she was from to a form of cheap caricature, she never allowed it to pass unchallenged. Dolly’s engagement in tremendous programs such as Imagination Library approached issues such as literacy rates in a way that was not judgmental, and was accessible to many families, since there was no income requirement for applying. That program alone provided 270 million free books and counting to children worldwide. It is important to contextualize this point as not being praise for the philanthropy of the rich, but rather an understanding of Dolly acknowledging the material issues she and others around her faced when she was growing up. 

Another anecdote that comes to mind is when the agent of Elvis Presley reached out to Dolly, because Elvis wanted to cover her song “I Will Always Love You.” The caveat to this is that they demanded 50 percent of the publishing rights. Most artists would have conceded to such a monumental opportunity regardless, but Dolly stood her ground and refused. This ended up still working out for her, but even if it hadn’t, Dolly understood the importance of ownership over her creative labor. She would have rather been poor and had her dignity than forsake her volition.

Dolly also championed the rights of LGBTQIA+ people throughout her life. This, combined with her uncompromising approach to self-expression and having agency over your own identity/appearance, were largely influential to many folks as a result. She embodied that it was okay to go beyond stereotypes, and that it was okay to be yourself, even if that clashes with what is considered permissible within the standards of a given time and place. Not only is it okay, but it is wonderful and worthy of celebration and praise. That was a very powerful message and legacy that Dolly forged. 

There are aspects of Dolly’s business involvement that are worthy of criticism, such as certain cult of personality projects like Dollywood, offering what is purportedly an “authentic” version of Appalachian life, when it seemingly treads within the same lineage of distorted reality and illusory depiction as any other theme park, such as Disneyland. Such a project comes off as entirely distant from her roots of sitting on the porch of a one-room cabin, a child among twelve poor children listening to their mother sing “Barbara Allen.” Projects such as Dollywood, with all its themed merchandise and sensational gimmicks, appear to be in contradiction with Dolly’s values of accurately representing the people and places from where she was raised. It is worth mentioning that this park is the largest employer in the area (which is a stated reason why Dolly invested in the project to begin with), though I cannot find any information about the quality of these jobs or their pay and benefits. I hesitate to criticize this too fiercely, since I have not been there myself, and I’m sure that people in the area do get enjoyment out of the park. There is simply something about theme parks and business enterprises that give the impression of vanity projects that I bristle at a bit. However, points like this do not meaningfully diminish my opinions or feelings toward Dolly and her legacy in a significant way. 

There are simply too many songs that Dolly released in her storied career to reasonably cover in a piece like this (she wrote more than three thousand songs, which is astounding and reminiscent of the prodigious work of great poets such as Li Bai), so I will just select a few of my favorites to touch on briefly. Beginning with “9 to 5,” which is surely one of the most listened to working-class anthems of the twentieth and twenty-first century. The song, and the film it was written for, were inspired by real struggles of women in the labor force facing challenges of low pay, sexual assault, and other forms of discrimination in the workplace. The tenacious spirit of this song comes forth in every line, criticizing the drudgery the working class is forced to endure,

Workin’ 9 to 5, what a way to make a livin’

Barely getting’ by, it’s all takin’ and no givin’

They just use your mind and you never get the credit

It’s enough to drive you crazy if you let it

9 to 5, yeah, they got you where they want you

There’s a better life and you think about it, don’t you?

It’s a rich man’s game no matter what they call it

And you spend your life puttin’ money in his wallet.

Another song that I absolutely love is “Early Morning Breeze” off of Coat of Many Colors, one of my favorite albums that she made. The lyrics of this song are beautiful and portray Dolly’s love of the natural world and the land in which she grew up. Her recollections remind me of experiences that I have had and times in my life where I had less on my mind interrupting me from simply enjoying waking up in the morning, feeling the breeze on my body, watching small moments of living things, reveling in the weather and the seasons and the sky. I especially love the chorus of this song, 

Rainbow-colored flowers, kissed with early morning sun

The aster and the dahlia and the wild geranium

Drops of morning dew still linger on the iris leaves

In the meadow where I'm walking in the early morning breeze.

Finally, I can’t talk about Dolly’s songs without talking about “Jolene.” I feel pretty strongly that this song is in my top five country songs ever written. There ironically isn’t much to say about it, because it just speaks for itself. The vocal melody, the rhyme scheme and cadence, the instrumentation, how exceptionally hard it is to sing, the way in which the song is written as a plea for another not to take a lover away, but that it is written essentially as a love letter to that romantic rival, it’s all just unmatched in my mind. I especially love this iconic stanza,

Your beauty is beyond compare

With flaming locks of auburn hair

With ivory skin and eyes of emerald green

Your smile is like a breath of spring

Your voice is soft like summer rain

And I cannot compete with you, Jolene.

It is a testament to Dolly’s timelessness that she was so deeply loved and influential to multiple generations. I cannot think of another figure of her stature that was as universally adored in this day and age, and thought of not just fondly, but respected deeply across such a diversity of backgrounds and walks of life. It makes me glad to think that, at least in the way that she often spoke of her life, she lived a long and joyous one. She had a love of life and living, of the people and the land, of songs and stories. She was ultimately a positive force within the story of human history, and she will be remembered for a great many years.